Info slide: capitalistic aspiration refers to the desire or ambition to achieve success and accumulate wealth within a capitalistic economic system. It usually draws people to optimistic fantasies or promises of a better future often tied to specific goals or ideals. Cruel optimism is a condition where individuals or groups hold onto and invest in certain expectations or dreams that ultimately become sources of harm or suffering rather than sources of genuine fulfilment or improvement

You're a devout catholic woman in an unhappy marriage. It has been 11 years since you met, 10 years of marriage with two sons aged 10 and 4. There was no physical or sexual abuse, but the marriage has been unfulfilling for the last 5 years. You have been sex deprived for months because your husband claims to be tired and depressed because of the pressure of balancing work, household chores, and raising children; responsibilities that are equally split. You are the primary breadwinner (Ksh. 100,000 a month), but your husband still has an income of 50,000 a month. Recently, your male best friend of 10 years invited you for lunch. In this meeting, he confessed that he has been in love with you since he first laid eyes on you, and has not been with a woman since the first day you both met. He couldn't tell you because you were married, but he has listened to you complain about your husband for years, and he feels like you deserve better. He asks you to elope with him. He makes as much money as your husband.

Carbon Tax refers to governments placing a tax on companies for the carbon content of fossil fuels, such as coal, oil, and natural gas, based on the amount of carbon dioxide they emit when burned. Governments can then use the revenue from tax for environment-friendly initiatives. Cap and trade is a market-based approach to reducing greenhouse gas emissions. Companies are allocated allowances for emissions, and can trade them if they emit more or less than their allowance (eg. if the cap is 100 tons of CO2, and Company X emits 50 tons, while Company Y emits 150 tons, Company Y can purchase Company X's deficit to keep operating at 150 tons of emissions)

Effective Altruism is the view that we should invest energy into figuring out what the most effective way to help others is, and encourages people to act on that basis. Effective Altruists often encourage donation to highly efficient charities, such the Malaria Consortium. Longtermism is the view that we should be doing much more to help future generations. Effective Altruists who are longtermists often advocate for greater preparedness against existential risks, such as hostile AI takeover, or pandemics.